India updates maritime framework: LS passes Merchant Shipping Bill; RS clears Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill
Legislation expected to simplify maritime trade laws, reduce litigation risks, and enhance transparency and commercial efficiency in cargo movement by sea
The Parliament on Wednesday passed two landmark maritime bills paving the way for a modern, efficient and globally aligned policy framework in India.
The Lok Sabha cleared the Merchant Shipping Bill, 2025, aimed at streamlining maritime governance with a modern and internationally compliant approach; the Rajya Sabha passed the Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill, 2025 replacing a century-old colonial-era law with updated legislation designed to promote ease of doing business and make the country’s shipping sector future-ready.
Policy and action
According to Sarbananda Sonowal, Union Minister for Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW), the two bills aim to modernise India’s maritime sector, both by policy and action. “Today, with the passage of the bills, the Modi government’s push for India’s modern shipping gets double endorsement from the Parliament,” he said.
The Merchant Shipping Bill, 2025, replaces the Merchant Shipping Act of 1958. The Bill marks a significant step towards aligning India’s maritime legal framework with global standards and strengthening the country’s position as a trusted maritime trade hub. The new Bill reduces compliance burdens, promotes Indian tonnage, and prioritises seafarer welfare and ship safety.
“The Bill aims to make India a globally respected maritime jurisdiction and unlock sustainable growth, investment, and innovation in the sector,” Sonowal said.
On the other hand, in Rajya Sabha, the Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill, 2025 was given the go ahead.
The Bill adopts the Hague-Visby Rules, a globally accepted maritime standard followed by countries like the United Kingdom.
By replacing complexity with clarity, the legislation is expected to simplify maritime trade laws, reduce litigation risks, and enhance transparency and commercial efficiency in cargo movement by sea.
The Bill was introduced by Shantanu Thakur, the Union Minister of State for Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW) in the Rajya Sabha.
Published on August 6, 2025
